Nomenklatura
Chociaż określenie "wino" przyjęło się jako potoczna nazwa wielu w podobny sposób pozyskiwanych napojow alkoholowych na bazie owoców, to jednak na ogół dotyczy ono czystych produktów gronowych. Wina z innych owoców, określa się mianem win owocowych i mają one zwykle w samej nazwie wymienione owoce, z których zostały wytworzone np: "wino jabłkowe". Poniższy artykuł dotyczy wyłącznie win z winogron.
Istnieją setki odmian, smaków i rodzajów wina. Jego smak oraz bukiet zapachowy zależy od rodzaju szczepów winogron, sposobu ich uprawy, klimatu i ziemi, na której się je uprawia oraz od sposobu winifikacji.
Kolor wina: wina białe | wina czerwone | wina różowe
wina chilijskie (Chile) - 1 - 2 - wszystkie wina chilijskie
wina francuskie (Francja) - 1 - wszystkie wina francuskie
wina hiszpańskie (Hiszpania) - 1 - 2 - wszystkie wina hiszpańskie
wina niemieckie (Niemcy) - 1 - wszystkie wina niemieckie
wina węgierskie (Węgry) - 1 - wszystkie wina węgierskie
Wybór według krajów: Chile - Francja - Hiszpania - Niemcy - Węgry
Wina w sprzedazy: wina białe - 1 - 2 | wina czerwone - 1 - 2 - 3 | wina różowe 1
Odzwiedź nasz sklep z winami.
Wina produkowane są z soku z winogron, który uszlachetnia się poprzez proces fermentacji i dzieli się na:
które dodatkowo mogą być słodkie, półsłodkie, półwytrawne
i wytrawne, w zależności od zawartości cukru
w końcowym produkcie. Wina zawierają najczęściej od 8% do 14% alkoholu. Niektóre
mocne wina z Kalifornii, słonecznych regionów Francji, jak też Węgier osiągają
nawet do 16%, jednakże nigdy nie przekraczają granicy 16,5% w której to obumierają
drożdże.
wina musujące - rozróżnić należy trzy określenia win musujących:
szampan (Champagne) - uzyskiwane metodą szampańską i pochodzące z rejonu Szampania
wino szampańskie - uzyskiwane metodą szampańską, ale nie wyprodukowane
w Szampanii
wino musujące - zwykłe wino nasączone sztucznie dwutlenkiem
węgla
wina wzmacniane - poprzez dodatek mocniejszego alkoholu, zazwyczaj
w celu wstrzymania procesu fermentacji, np. madera, malaga, marsala, porto,
sherry.
Zdrowotne własności win są przedmiotem wieloletnich kontrowersji. Najwazniejszą z nich jest tzw. "Francuski Paradox", który akceptuje empirycznie udowodniony fakt ze dzięki piciu czerwonego wina Francuzi rzadziej chorują na serce niz Amerykanie, mimo ze (jak udowodniono) alkohol nie gra tu istotnej roli. Wyjaśnienie przyszło niedawno: Winogrona (zwłaszcza czerwone) hodowane bez uzycia preparatów gzybobójczych, rozwijają na skórce warstwę zawierającą naturalne fungicydy, które właśnie są owymi czynnikami zbawiennymi dla ludzkiego serca. Choć dotyczy to większości rodzajów winogron, winogrona czerwone mają ok. dziesięciokrotnie większe stęzenia tych naturalnych fungicydów niz wina białe, a spośród czerwonych winogron niektóre gatunki mają szczególnie wysokie (o następne 500%) ich stęzenia: tzw. winogrona "muszkatowe" (ang. "muscat"), np. winogrona Malaga i winogrona/rodzynki z wyspy Samos. Należy podkreślić że winogrona hodowane "nowocześnie", jak i wina z nich produkowane, pozbawione są tych dobroczynnych właściwości, więc Francuzi czerpią korzyści ze swojego surowego zachowywania starych metod hodowli winorośli. Ta obserwacja moze być traktowana jako przyczynek w dyskusji czy polskie rolnictwo powinno rozwijać sie w kierunku wydajności, czy w kierunku ekologii.
(36 newsów)
Wine Spectator Online - Daily Wine Picks
18 Nov 2008
Iris and tuberose notes mingle with apple and nectarine in this delicate, detailed Riesling. There's an undercurrent of mineral, and this gets support from the lively structure. Fine length. Drink now through 2018. 1,000 cases made.
18 Nov 2008
Full, rich and round, this caresses the palate with its finesse, while layering toast, coffee, butterscotch and lemon flavors through to the chalklike aftertaste. On the dry side. Drink now through 2011. 2,000 cases imported.
18 Nov 2008
This plush red is rich with ripe berry and cherry fruit, accented by leafy and minty notes. Juicy acidity keeps it lively, and there's just enough tannins for grip. Drink now through 2011. 10,000 cases made.
17 Nov 2008
Rich and powerful, this offers ginger, graphite and candied citrus notes surrounding the moderate structure. Glides to a long aftertaste of clover honey. A pleasant astringency helps shore up the finish. Drink now through 2020. 5,000 cases made.
17 Nov 2008
Enticing, with lots of mocha, fruitcake, raspberry and boysenberry flavors stretched over a lengthy, fleshy finish. A delicious, fruit-driven version. Drink now through 2010. 57,000 cases imported.
17 Nov 2008
Round and generous, a juicy mouthful of pleasurable apricot, pear, floral and spice flavors, persisting impressively on the open-textured finish. Drink now. 3,000 cases imported.
15 Nov 2008
Light and fragrant, soft in texture, with pretty green apple and floral aromas and flavors, finishing with remarkable unity for a kitchen-sink blend. Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Marsanne, Viognier and Chardonnay. Drink now. 5,000 cases imported.
15 Nov 2008
Sleek and complex, with lovely aromas of green apple, loam and warm cinnamon rolls. The flavors show pinpoint focus, yet are nicely layered, with baked apple, lime and toasty spice flavors that linger. Drink now through 2013. 8,332 cases made.
15 Nov 2008
Offers a nice mix of red berry, blackberry and blueberry fruit, with a beam of sweet spice and toast notes. Shows good grip and focus through the finish, where there's a racy minerality. Should age well. Drink now through 2012. 2,750 cases made.
14 Nov 2008
Shows the aromatics of Viognier, with a drier, less silky palate, lending an exciting raw feel to the pear, apricot and spice flavors. Drink now. 5,000 cases imported.
Kup wino z dostawą do domu! Poczuj klimat Nowego Świata ! Wyrusz z nami na wyprawę w siodle po równinach Chile i innych zakątkach świata.
Wina w sprzedazy: wina białe - 1 - 2 | wina czerwone - 1 - 2 - 3 | wina różowe 1 | Odzwiedź nasz sklep z winami.
Wina wyselekcjonowane przez podróżników, łowców przygód i koneserów wina, którzy podróżowali od winnicy do winnicy, w krainie gdzie czas płynie wolniej, nie ma zasięgu telefonów komórkowych i słychać jedynie własny oddech i bicie serca, mocniejsze... Wina sprowadzane bezpośrednio, niekiedy z niewielkich winnic. Spróbuj - a odkryjesz wykwintny bukiet pod etykietą z ... atrakcyjnej półki cenowej. Odzwiedź nasz sklep z winami.
ENGLISH LINKS: WineSpectator | WineSpectator 2 | Winegeeks
Polski Instytut Winorośli i Wina | http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wino | Blog o winach
http://winnicepolskie.pl/index.php | http://www.winogrona.org/index.php | http://wino.org.pl/forum/index.php - http://wino.org.pl/forum/today.php | http://wino.org.pl/ | http://maas.blox.pl/2006/10/ABC-Forum-Wino.html
19 Nov 2008, 01:28:00 +0100
Filed under: Software, Mac 101
New to the Mac? Welcome back to our Mac 101 series, which explores the basics of Mac OS X, provides tips and tricks, and dives into key features of Apple's bundled tools.
As a Mac user, you've got several options for chat clients -- Adium, Fire and IRC are all worthy -- but in this post we're going to focus on Apple's iChat.
Create an account
When launched for the first time, iChat will prompt you to create an account. You've got five options, namely
Make your selection and enter your information. If you're new to instant messaging, simply click the "Get an iChat account." Now your account is ready to go.
Among my favorite features of some of the non-Apple chat clients: tabbed windows. This allows you to collapse all of your open chats into a single window. That way, there's no need to have two or more windows open. Here's how to enable this in iChat.
From the Preferences window, check the "Messages" tab. Next, select "Collect chats into a single window." That's it! Now, iChat will list all of your open chats in a drawer along side your chat window. To move from one to the other, just click your chat partner's name.
TUAWMac 101: Tabbed windows in iChat originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 19:28:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
19 Nov 2008, 00:06:00 +0100
Filed under: Software, Productivity
VoodooPad got a major upgrade today; after an intense beta period, version 4.0 is live. For those of you not familiar, VoodooPad is a personal wiki, a brainstorming and note-taking tool and the ultimate "geek's notebook" (my term, not theirs). With the ability to import a variety of files and link others, it also makes a great project management hub. I use it in combination with one of my other previously-mentioned favorites, Curio. It's had a fair number of mentions here in the past, and the 4.0 update is certainly something to talk about.
Among the new features is the ability to sync using WebDAV. You can sync pages or entire documents in both directions, allowing for collaboration or just providing the ability to work on multiple machines. There are instructions available for setup on the Flying Meat wiki. I've been testing the sync feature for a while, and it works superbly. The web-publishing capabilities have been expanded, including iPhone-optimized output. There's also a new feature called "The Bucket" for gathering text -- via a system-wide hotkey -- from any application. PDF output, faster speeds, and a new layout for palette windows all add up to a great release.
Organizing notes and files is simple, and linking together pertinent pages, snippets, Address Book contacts and more is a breeze. For those of a scripting persuasion, the reason I call it the "geek's notebook" is VoodooPad's ability to execute pages as scripts (Python ... Lua is being deprecated), and also the ability to extend via a plugin API. This can be used to work in HTML, Markdown and Textile support, set up GTD systems, even publish a blog.
VoodooPad 4 is going for $29.95USD, and version 3 users can upgrade for $14.95USD. The Pro version is $49.95USD, upgrade for $19.95USD. There are free demos of each on their respective pages, and there's also a "Lite" version available for free, no strings attached. VoodooPad customers who purchased version 3 after August 1st, 2008 get a free upgrade. Check the full release notes for version 4 (and prior releases), as well as the features page for more information on VoodooPad and the 4.0 update.
TUAWVoodooPad 4.0 provides WebDAV sync originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 18:06:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 23:36:00 +0100
Filed under: Software, Macbook Pro, MacBook, MacBook Air
There are several applications available that will help find a lost or stolen Mac. Here at TUAW, we've talked about LoJack for Laptops, Orbicule's Undercover, MacPhoneHome, and iAlertU from Slapping Turtle. Most of these apps "find" the computer by determining the IP address of the machine, and using that data to narrow down the physical location where the laptop is in use. That information can be shared with police and ISPs to find the thieves, recover your laptop, and make an arrest.
There's a new Mac recovery app available called MacTrak that's different -- it uses the same Skyhook Wireless positioning technology used in the iPhone to accurately determine the location of your Mac within 10-20 meters. If your nice new MacBook Pro is lost or stolen, you simply log into a special web page with your predetermined credentials, and click on one button to start tracking your Mac. Every 30 minutes, MacTrak takes a picture with the iSight camera, then sends detailed information including its latitude and longitude to you via email. At the same time, it uploads that same information in a "Wanted Poster" view to your Flickr account. You can then work with the proper authorities to have your Mac returned to you. Read on for more info about MacTrak.
Continue reading TUAW Review: MacTrak Theft Recovery Software
TUAWTUAW Review: MacTrak Theft Recovery Software originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 17:36:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 22:30:00 +0100
Filed under: Software Update, Apple
If you're a regular visitor to the Apple support downloads website, then you might have noticed a change last night. In addition to releasing two updates, Apple also redesigned the site.
If you've used the update website before, then you know what a challenge it was to find any useful information. Before, Apple just showed a list of updates (with the newest ones at the top); now you are able to browse by specific product. By clicking a product link at the top, you can see updates for iPhone, iPod, Desktop Computers, Portable Computers, Mac OS and Software, Peripherals, Servers and Enterprise Software, and Internet (.Mac, MobileMe, Safari, Photo Services).
Two interesting notes on the new design: First, Apple doesn't use the word "Mac" after Desktop and Portable, but instead uses "Computer." Second, Safari is categorized under their "Internet" group alongside MobileMe; they also still have updates for .Mac despite the branding change to MobileMe. You can see the new site, and get your new updates, by clicking here.
TUAWApple redesigns Support Downloads pages originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 16:30:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 21:24:00 +0100
Filed under: iPhone
China Mobile, the service provider in talks with Apple to distribute the iPhone in the world's most populous country, is still expressing interest in selling the handset, but has plans to open its own online app store.
According to Macworld, Wang Jianzhou, China Mobile's chairman and CEO, said at a recent conference that "We will set up our own shop, and we hope, welcome all content providers to sell their software applications and games and songs and any other products in our application shop."
Cult of Mac's Ed Sutherland notes that Apple and China Mobile are still in talks to bring the handset to China, according to Wang.
Dan Nystedt of the IDG News Service speculated that China Mobile's app store would sell apps for Linux- and Symbian-based mobile phones, but it's unclear how this will affect China Mobile's burgeoning relationship with Apple.
Apple, of course, already has the iTunes store, which offers music, games and apps for the iPhone platform. China Mobile's store is unlikely to interfere technically with the iPhone/iTunes ecosystem, but it would compete financially with Apple's offering. Not that there's anything wrong with competition, of course.
An agreement with China Mobile would mean having the iPhone available to a market of 400 million existing subscribers, and perhaps millions more new subscribers. For comparison, the total population of the United States last year was just over 300 million people.
TUAWChina Mobile making things complicated? originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 15:24:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 20:00:00 +0100
Filed under: Gaming, iPhone, iPod touch
When I showed this to my brother he remarked that it looked almost as good as any PSP game. Featuring a ton of cars, tracks and simple gameplay, Fastlane Street Racing (App Store link) is the best racer I've played on the iPhone. Each track is incredibly detailed and appears very large to boot. If there's only one weak point it's the audio. While passable, the engine noises could possibly be better. That said, they are dynamic (and change if you go into a tunnel or change speed, etc.) and it's likely this was the only way to make them so.TUAWFirst Look: Fastlane Street Racing originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 14:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 18:30:00 +0100
Filed under: Security
Our friends at Intego sent out an alert this morning, warning users about a new variant of the RSPlug trojan horse, found on several adult websites. The risk to users is classified as "medium."
RSPlug trojans, themselves a form of DNSChanger, change local DNS settings to redirect to phishing sites for banks, PayPal, and eBay. All these trojans must be downloaded at the user's request, and an administrator password has to be supplied.
When visiting certain sites, the user is alerted that there is a "Video ActiveX Object Error" and is told that their "Browser cannot play this video file." The alert instructs the user to download the "missing Video ActiveX Object." If the user clicks OK, a disk image called "cleanlive.dmg" downloads (which may change in the future). Depending on the user's browser settings, this disk image may mount and installation may automatically start.
Intego VirusBarrier X5 users are, as you might imagine, already protected. Updating your virus definitions today will improve detection.
And, as always, be careful where you put your mouse online.
TUAWNew variant of RSPlug trojan making the rounds originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 12:30:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 18:00:00 +0100
Filed under: Software, Productivity
I'm currently working on a piece detailing exactly why Zengobi's Curio has become a favorite of mine, especially in the area of project management and brainstorming, but also in general as a truly enjoyable-to-use application. In the meantime, though, I thought I'd better get an announcement out for version 5.3, released today. For those unfamiliar, Curio is a note-taking, brainstorming, to-do managing, file-gathering application which works in a (surprisingly productive) free-form manner. It's similar in concept to Circus Ponies Notebook, but I find it to be even more flexible and powerful.
Version 5.3 adds to an impressive feature list with customizable print headers and footers, the ability to convert lists to mind maps and vice versa, as well as an importer for AquaMinds NoteTaker. Detailed release notes are available here. Version 5.3 is a free upgrade for all Curio 5 users, and upgrade pricing is available at the Zengobi store. The regular version of Curio is $99USD, and a Pro version is available for $149USD (find out what the difference is here). Academic discounts are available, and a free 15-day trial can be downloaded on the Curio page.
TUAWCurio 5.3 is out originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 12:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 17:30:00 +0100
Filed under: Software, Developer
Since getting schooled in the comments on my last mention of Versions (a favorite of Robert's), I've reacquainted myself with Subversion ... and come to really enjoy using this polished and highly usable SVN client. Git may have its benefits, but for a lot of what I do (especially solo web design), Subversion (and Versions) make a lot of sense. Versions is, as of yesterday, officially out of beta and available for purchase. I even received a 10% discount for being in on the beta test.
Versions 1.0.1 is already out, which fixes the registration issues that some of us ran into. The initial 1.0 release included a lot of additional functionality, and Versions has become an amazing tool for handling all manner of Subversion-related revision control. Top on the list of new features, and of pretty major importance (at least to me), is the addition of an "Ignore [file/folder name]" option to the context menu. The full release notes are available at the Versions site, where you'll also find the download for the free demo. Versions is retailing at €39.00 (about $49USD), and users on the email notification list should have received a 10% discount coupon number.
Thanks to everyone who sent this in!
TUAWVersions out of beta originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 11:30:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 17:00:00 +0100
Filed under: Hardware, Peripherals
Apple's LED Cinema Displays, announced at a special event in October, are finally available on the Apple Store online, and at Apple retail locations, which should make Cory happy.
The LED Cinema Display, which is more suitable as a laptop docking station more than another monitor for your desktop Mac, sells for $899. Shipping is free from the Apple Store online.
I went to the San Diego-area UTC Apple Store on Sunday, and saw a display model. The color was sharp, and looked identical to the display on my 24-inch iMac. Compared to the MacBook Pro next to it, the pixel density is looser (making objects of the same pixel size seem larger on the Cinema Display than on the laptop), typical for Apple's desktop displays. Unlike the iMac, the stand for the display had a tapered foot that was thinner at the front than in the back: Something I hadn't noticed before.
Additionally, adapters that connect the new Mini DisplayPort to DVI and VGA are also available, and will ship within 24 hours.
An update from the commenters: The Mini DisplayPort adapters are for MacBook Air, and won't help connecting a Mac Pro (for example) to this new display. Sorry, my mistake. Also, not all retail stores have the displays, so you might want to give them a call first before heading over there.
TUAWLED Cinema Displays now available originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 11:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
18 Nov 2008, 14:00:00 +0100
Filed under: iPod Family, iTunes, Mac 101
TUAWiTunes 101: Use smart playlists to limit size originally appeared on The Unofficial Apple Weblog (TUAW) on Tue, 18 Nov 2008 08:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
